Issue #1, 2010
MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Thermodynamics governs by everything that happens in the world. Thermodynamics uses the apparatus of full differentials and examines changes of state functions. Thermodynamics is the driving force of evolution and development. Life — a phenomenon characterized by alternating nonspontaneous and spontaneous processes. The hierarchic structure of liv ing matter is formed with the participation of supramolecular (intermolecular) interactions and the various physical fields. Environment determines the shape and structure of living objects. Key words: thermodynamics, evolution, life.
Regularities of Plasticity and Stability of Synapsoarchitectonics of the Brain
The artical describe the mechanisms of plasticity of the synapses. There is attract the attention to differens in the plasticty of the various types of synapses. Underline that plasticity of synapsoarchitectonics may have the positive effect in adaptation, learning and so on, and the negative effect, for example, at chronic morphine intoxication.
Anaferon — Effective Medicine for Treatment and Prophylaxis a Wide Spectrum of Infections
Anaferon — antiviral drug with immunomodulating activity. Nine-year-experience proved its efficacy and safety in the treatment and prophylaxis of a wide spectrum of viral and bacterial infections. The key mechanisms of anaferon action are induction of interferons I and II types production and allosteric modulation of interferon gamma receptor. Excellent safe ty profile, possibility of its combination with other medicines, absence of withdrawal have made it a drug of choice for the treatment and prophylaxis of various infections.
PROBLEMS OF ECOLOGY, EDUCATION, ECOLOGICAL CULTURE, EARTH SCIENCES
Global Challenges of the Modern World and Mission of Education
The role of ecological culture in performance of civilization functions in modern social development by educational institutions is proved. The role, place and mechanisms of ecological competence formation in system of modern expert\'s preparation are considered.
Nature Conservation and/or Industrial Development
Industrial development has been, in many parts of the world, a sentence to condemn nature to a ravaging rhythm of destruction and disgrace. The lack of knowledge of the delicate relationships that sustain the equilibrium of local ecosystems leads to a series of aggressions against nature that causes damages hardly recoverable. Industries\' chimneys and trees will not coexist if the industrial planners do not take into account, in their projects, the principles of sustainable development. In principle, two opposite attitudes can be assumed to face this unwanted conflict: either the industrial development process is conceived and planned to coexist with nature, conserving it, or the industrialization has to be aborted to maintain nature unchanged, preserving it like it is. That is the real divergence: to conserve or to preserve nature. This text intends to show that, when correct measures and precautions are taken before and during the process of industrialization of a given region (or a country), nature can be conserved, and we will be in the presence of a «winwin» situation. The examples given - good and bad — have been selected from the process of industrialization that took place in Brazil in the last two hundred years. During this period several challenges had to be faced and new solutions have been conceived in order to take advantage of peculiar conditions prevailing in the country.
There are two kinds of thinking concerning plantation in Japan. One is based on the idea of preventing natural disasters by planting trees; virgin forests on mountains were cut recklessly over a wide area resulting in treeless mountains, a large quantity of earth and sand flowed away, and sediment disasters occurred downstream of rivers, resulting in the loss of many human lives and properties. To prevent such natural disasters, trees have been sequentially planted in disaster-prone areas for many years to increase safety in downstream areas. The other is based on the idea of raising trees as building timber. After cutting virgin forests, saplings, selected for their usefulness are planted and cultivated for many years until they grow to a certain size suitable for cutting as building timber. Taking Mt. Tanakami in Shiga prefecture and the Kitayama area of Kyoto prefecture as representative examples of planting for erosion control and disaster prevention, and planting for timber with a commercial purpose, this study aims to compare sociological and engineering significance from the point of view of history, method, and types of tree and their effectiveness, in order to clarify the coexistence of human beings and nature from the viewpoints of nature conservation and cultural value and to shed light on the importance of nature conservation.
PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, TECHNICAL SCIENCES, EXACT SCIENCES
GRID7Technologies: Status and Prospectives
The conception of grid and perspectives of the usage of modern grid technologies for various fields of science, commerce and business are presented. Current projects on creation of gridinfrastructures are shortly described. A special attention is paid to the participation of Russia in the EGEE and WLCG global projects and the creation of Russian grid-consortium RDIG.
HUMANITARIAN SCIENCES
Toward the Future of Human Being
In ancient times future was seen as something dangerous and the aim of societies was to orientate themselves according to the past times. In modernity the notion of future developed into a future dualism: 1. Future as improvement, 2. Future as decline. These future conceptions influence also the images of the human being. Biopolitics focus on government technolo gies, which cater to the population of their cities, in particular their health, birth rate, life span and hygiene. The goal of these ever increasing bio-genetical measures is to develop intelligent, athletic, disease-resistant and longerliving humans. In modernity alterations and changes to the body are increasing — in the form of biotechnological surgical procedures, such as plastic surgery, performance enhancing drugs and growth hormones, which also influence the human body.
«Russian Baudelaire»: The Destiny of Charles Baudelaire\'s Heritage in Russia
Inthearticle the destiny of Charles Baudelaire\'s — a great French poet (1821—1867) — creative heritage in Russia is considered from the perspective of the thesaurus approach. It is shown how the cultural phenomenon of «Russian Baudelaire» was developing.
HUMANITARIAN SCIENCES
А Person as a Phantom: the Literary Text and Identity Crisis
Appearance and development of the phenomenon «person» signifies forming of a qualitatively new cross — cognitive foundation of contemporary man\'s consciousness. The consequence of a cognitive «gap» in the point of individual self-identification turns out to be the breach of unity of epistem. The problem of post human personology leaves the bounds of philosophical modeling itself: in the field of cultural anthropology and text\'s semiotics.
HISTORY OF SCIENCE
Ideas of P. F. Lesgaft in Development of Systematic Studies of Physical Education and Sports
P. F. Lesgaft (1870—1909) was the initiator of Russian systematic physical education of population. He has formulated and materialized principles of familiar physical education in institutions for children. Those principles were considered best in XXth century. Gradual and systematic expansion of physical exercises in scholar and other children institutions used to be a pioneer innovation on the European continent. The system of medical control over persons entrained designed by P. F. Lesgaft has obtained its recognition only in XXth century. Among pedagogues Lesgaft`s school of physical education is still considered to be one the world`s best systems.