Issue #1, 2016
MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Relationship of Emotional Stress and Sleep
In the review the current health-related and social problem is considered, linking public and social environment, emotional stress and sleep disturbances. It is shown that emotional state and sleep are closely related. Emotional stress disrupts sleep and sleep disorders, in turn, exacerbate the development of stress reactions. Presented in the article experimental data demonstrate the mechanisms of the relationship of emotional stress and sleep at different levels of organization: the structural and neurophysiological, neurochemical and autonomic-somatic. Analysis of Russian and foreign literature has allowed to formulate the fundamental postulates on the relationship of emotional state and sleep. Common neurophysiological mechanisms and antagonistic orientation of neurochemical processes in the development of emotional stress and the physiological sleep are proved in the paper.
HUNDRED YEARS RELATIVITY THEORIES — A STIMULUS FOR A THEORY FOR MEDICINE?
Natural scientists celebrate actually 100 years Relativity Theories. A good reason to jubilate for physicists and cosmologists: Einstein changed their world view thanks to new theories of science. So physics improved from a discipline without options for new discoveries to the leading discipline. This caused dramatic influences on manpower, grants and world economics. Einstein contributed also to the implementation of former unaccepted positions about the power of science. These positions liberated all types of scientists from former restrictions. This ongoing enabled scientists to successful problem oriented specializations e.g. in pharmacology. So medicine could use more powerful tools. These tools are based just on — from the philosophical view — materialistic principles. These aspects can be handled by computers with increasing success. But the feature and central proposition of medicine is based just on «idealistic» principles: on a comprehensive and insightful attention to the individual person. No improvements are to observe in these «idealistic» principles. On the contrary: The complaints against machine-like impersonal medicine are increasing. But Einstein opened the door also to improve this unique selling position as he caused the revival for its most genius period of physics. Einstein’s secret was to open brand new applications thanks to the unification of disciplines which seemed to be logically incompatible. So medicine should focus on a unification of all health related sectoral disciplines within one theory of medicine. As well Einstein’s theory of sciences which were used to invent the SRT allows the creation of such a comprehensive theory as the won liberty to apply ontological positions just problem oriented. This liberty justifies postulating fundamentals just on and for the basis of the obvious needs of patients and health care workers. These fundamentals allow deducing a principle for the self-creation of any emergent health related win within the permanent evolutionary win.
Clinical and Pathophysiological Reflections on Health and Disease. Proceeding I. Norm and Health
The article considers a pathophysiological, clinical, and philosophical aspects of categories of health and norm in Biomedicine. Relativity of biomedical norm is considered in the historical, geographical and situational aspects, in the spirit of materialistic relativism. A positive-critical analysis of pre-existing definitions of health and norm id given, as well as of the theories stood behind them. Taking into account the roles of fractal and mosaic character of living systems, composed from autonomous programmed elements, the health is interpreted as relatively more stable and less imperfect form of individual life, which provides economical optimal and least dangerous mechanisms of adaptation for environment and allows to secure functional reserve for its change — minimally limited in freedom of adaptive strategy choice. To stay healthy for an organism means in proper time switch on a program of adaptation optimal for a concrete situation; and moreover, execute this entire program without errors and in minimally sufficient scale, with acceptable price of adaptation, as well as switch it off on time.
The author carried out a deep analysis of sexual differentiation causes, sexual self— identity, social, environmental and behavioral factors that determine masculinity. The causes of the present crisis of masculinity are considered, author provides recommendations for behavioral correction and overcoming the crisis of masculinity.
Quality of Life, Burnout Level and Sleep Characteristics of the First Year Medical Students
The paper analyzes the mutual influences of subjectively assessed quality of life characteristics (QOL), manifestations of emotional burnout (EB) and indicators of nocturnal sleep quality (SC) in students of I.M. Sechenov First MSMU The majority of respondents (over 80%) in the last month before testing revealed a variety of disorders in quality of nocturnal sleep, which was manifested in daytime sleepiness, difficulties falling asleep, reducing sleep time and so forth. Installed-valued relations EB manifestations, SC and their impact on self-esteem QOL: the formation and development of burnout symptoms (high anxiety, emotional dezorientation, a dissatisfaction) leads to impaired quality of night\'s sleep at the end of the school year, and this in turn leads to a decrease in QOL self-esteem manifested in the deterioration social, emotional, and even physical functioning. On the other hand, the deterioration of the characteristics of a night\'s sleep can also contribute to the formation of emotional instability consolidation EB symptoms. It takes a further, more detailed study of the influence of student\'s reactivity to psychogenic stressors individual features on the quality of a night\'s sleep, their characteristics of quality of life and social functioning.
PROBLEMS OF ECOLOGY, EDUCATION, ECOLOGICAL CULTURE, EARTH SCIENCES
Culture of Peace: the View From Russia
Hermeneutical analysis of «culture of peace» concept, the process of its filling by meanings, orientation to the holistic comprehension of human and nature are made in the paper. The technology of peace creation within individual societies, intergovernmental relations, within the global civilization integrity is offered. A culture of peace is presented as basic, universal value, the condition of the preservation of life on the Earth planet.
To the Problem about the Transdisciplinarity of Ecological Culturology
This article discusses some of the methodological aspects of ecological culturology, emphasizes its metasubject and transdisciplinarity, discloses the role of ideas, metaphors and models postnonclassical science in their understanding.
Ways and Means to Realize the Potential Ecological Deontology in Education of University Students
The article considers the possibility and means of actualization of the potential of ecological deontology in the content of education of university students. The system of methodical tools, including supporting elective courses, interdisciplinary modules and interactive technologies. Its approbation in the educational process indicates the positive impact of the innovations introduced on the formation of basic indicators of ecological and legal competence of students. These study results are important for the theory and practice education in the context of sustainable development.
The article discusses the concept of «professional competence», and analyzes its relationship with the content of Federal state educational standards of higher education. Examines the basis for the content of competences in the aspect of the task of socialization of the graduate of pedagogical University.
Consolidating Role of Island Psychology in Ecological Education of Citizens of the Crimea
The article discusses the interrelationship of historical-geographical and socio-economic functioning of the Crimea from the standpoint of human ecology and island psychology of citizens, trying to apply the study of these issues in the processes of ecological education.
HUMANITARIAN SCIENCES
Experiments With Physicality: Body Modification as a Biosocial Phenomenon
The article examines the phenomenon of body modification as one of subcultural practices that are widespread mainly among the youth. These practices are associated by the author with the projects «construction of the person» aimed at «improving» human nature.
The Effectiveness of Strategic Thinking and «Wise» Thinking Technique
The article discusses the problem of effective strategic thinking. It introduces the criterion of «effectiveness», as opposed to «efficiency». Author discusses the relation and the contradiction between the technological form of thinking and resources availability, the main role in which plays subjectivity. He emphasizes complex, multi-level mechanism of strategic thinking as dependent on logical and ontological components available. Article specifies the conditions to generate efficiency in strategic thinking.
The Future of Russia: Search for Strategic Alternatives
The article deals with the alternatives of strategic development, preserving and strengthening the integrity of the Russian civilization in the twenty first century and beyond. As the conceptual framework used in the analysis of our great compatriot Vernadsky ideas and futuristic models of a number of Western researchers.
The article analyzes the problem of students\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' motivation to learn. Socio-ecological motivation is regarded as an important component of formation of professionalism of students in the learning process in pedagogical high school. It notes the important role of social and environmental design in the process of training. Keywords: professionalism, socio-environmental motivation, ecological culture, pedagogical design, socio-environmental design.
In this article possibilities of formation of the eco-oriented universal educational actions within ecological and foreign language education at primary school reveal, the corresponding terms are analyzed.
Educational Motivation as a Condition of Students Health and Safety Culture Formation
This article discusses the problem of improving of the learning motivation in the formation of the culture of students\' life safety (based on the example of 7th grade students) with use of interactive educational technology called «Labyrinth of safe thinking»