Special Issue #2, 2022
HUMANITARIAN SCIENCES
BIOSPHERE SAFETY IN THE TECHNOGENIC WORLD: STATUS AND PROSPECTS
The analysis related to the increase in the technogenic development of society, the death of the biosphere and the change in the evolution of life is carried out. On Earth, as a result of the establishment of the bourgeois technocratic worldview, the socio-technological development of the world is taking place with the transformation of the natural-evolutionary processes of life. This is accompanied by the degradation of the natural biosphere nature (living organisms, soil cover and biogeochemical metabolic processes) with the rapid formation of the technosphere as a material artificial world, which begins to meet the new needs of people, causing noospheric creativity. V. I. Vernadsky considered this process as the noospheric ascent of biospheric life. Practice has shown that the formation of an artificial world leads to the destruction of the biosphere on land and the disastrous transition of life into the technosphere. Based on this, the authors propose a strategy for the preservation and revival of biosphere life in the Russian Federation with the careful introduction of noospheric organisms into the biosphere. Creating this strategy, the authors pay special attention to the biosphere and noosphere safety of the population of our country with the introduction of new social practices on the world stage, not limited to environmental solutions such as «green» economy and sustainable development programs.
ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY AS A FACTOR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MODERN WORLD
The article the current problem is analyzed: environmental safety as a factor of sustainable development of the modern world. It is noted that the industrial development of the world, based on economic growth indicators, by the end of the 60s of the twentieth century led to the emergence of global environmental problems, environmental hazards. This was indicated by the decisions of the UN Conference on the Environment (1972), the UN Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro (1992), the Millennium Summit (2000), the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg (South Africa, 2002), etc. The concept of environmental safety includes two aspects: rational use of natural resources and prevention of an environmental catastrophe on a global scale. The characteristic of the concept of sustainable development is given, aimed at preserving the necessary resources for future generations, while meeting the needs of current generations.
ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CONCEPT OF NEW INDUSTRIALIZATION
The problematic issue of neoindustrialization, especially in the resources-extractive regions of the country, remains the environmental safety of the people living there and the natural complex of the territory. In this regard, there is a need to emphasize the priority of environmental safety in strategic concepts and development programs of all branches of regional industry, taking into account the peculiarities of the neo-industrial economy being formed there - a means of transition from a dependent export-raw materials strategy of economic development to a sovereign innovative one.
The article deals with the problem of finding a compromise solution for the provision of transport services, taking into account the environmental factor. Based on the interpretation of the theory of the vicious circle of Knall, the process of providing transport services is analyzed and directions for the greening of transport activities are determined. The results of the grouping of transport processes and the types of negative impact of the transport sector on the environment and the analysis of statistical information on the volume of cargo transportation by various modes of transport are presented, and the key environmental problems in the implementation of transport activities are identified.
The article is devoted to the issues of legal regulation of the protection, protection, reproduction and use of plants as a natural object and natural resource. The flora, being the most important component of the natural environment, is poorly covered by the legal field, and therefore ways to solve this problem are proposed. The regulatory and legal framework in the sphere of public relations under consideration is analyzed.
HUMANITARIAN SCIENCES
The article reveals the relevance of the topic, normative, philosophical, psychological and pedagogical aspects of the coevolutionary subject-activity approach. It is emphasized that it reflects the coevolutionary values of the modern scientific picture of the world and the priority personal-activity paradigm of modern education. The essence of the coevolutionary subject-activity approach as a system-forming methodological basis for the development of environmental education and upbringing for sustainable development is revealed
The relationship between science and religion is examined. Religion is based on a teleological dogma. In contrast, science treats the emergence of the universe, life and humanity as the result of a very long but completely blind force and sees no greatness, beauty or purpose in the universe itself. This picture was consistent with the scientific achievements of the mid twentieth century, but no longer fits into the modern scientific picture of the universe.
ECOLOGICAL CULTURE. ADULT EDUCATION THROUGH INFORMAL EDUCATION
In the article, the attitude to the collection of consumer waste is considered as an integral part of ecological culture. It is shown that ecological culture should be formed quickly, as the ecological situation is rapidly deteriorating. As an element of informational education for the formation of ecological culture of adults, it is proposed to use short and content-rich videos, similar to advertising.
MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
When we examine the depictions of the human body in the color poster «Der Mensch als Industriepalast» and the diagram Neijing tu (Nèijīng tú), we immediately notice that, despite having been produced during the same era of world history, these images represent various perspectives on the human being and his physiology. These visual representations hardly ever engage in any kind of «dialogue» and are almost always analyzed from an individual and therefore restricted point of view. This paper provides a short overview of each of these works and then builds connections by bringing them together in a «conversation» that aims to increase our understanding of each.
The conflict between the conservation of protected species in EU and economic problems is discussed. The cormorant conservation and conflict with fishery is done as example.
In the paper, the results of our own research are given, which assesses the impact of complex anthropogenic environmental factors on the cognitive functions of the school population of the metropolitan metropolis. The influence of social and technogenic factors on memory and attention of the control and compared groups of fifth grade schoolchildren (n=233: 109 boys, aged 11.4 to 12.1 years) living in different eco-social conditions of Moscow was studied. Depending on the eco-social conditions, the studied sample of students was divided into 4 compared subgroups: SG1 — environmental and social conditions were unfavorable, SG2 — environmental conditions were unfavorable and social were favorable; SG3 — environmental conditions were favorable, but social not. K is a control subgroup where environmental and social conditions were favorable. The analysis of the obtained research data on the «Schulte Tables» test showed the following: • work efficiency: 81.4% of the students of subgroup K had higher indicators than the subjects of subgroup SG1, SG2, SG3 (27.8%, 40.7% and 41.6, respectively); • the degree of workability: 89.1% of the students of subgroup K had higher indicators than the subjects of subgroup SG1, SG2, SG3 (30.9%, 41.3% and 42.4, respectively); • mental stability: in 73.5% of the control group, the indicators were higher than in the test groups SG1, SG2, SG3 (28.4%, 36.6% and 38.7, respectively), with the significance of differences in comparison by subgroups was p<0.05. Thus, the analysis showed a significant impact of negative factors of the city on the functional state of children, which manifested itself in the form of a decrease in the stability of attention and mental performance of secondary school students living in non-unfavorable environmental and social conditions.
ENVIRONMENTAL TERMINOLOGY IN THE RUSSIAN-MONGOLIAN DICTIONARY
The article is devoted to the analysis of the compiled dictionary of basic concepts, terms and definitions in the field of ecology in Russian and Mongolian. The rationale is given for the need to study the terminology of the science of ecology at the Civil Defence Academy EMERCOM of Russia by cadets studying at the faculty for the training of foreign specialists to solve global environmental problems.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL DEVELOPMENT GARDEN CARP FARM ACCORDING TO SPECIFIED NUMBER OF GARDENS
The development of the aquaculture products market can have a significant impact on our national priorities, first of all, forming a trend of healthy nutrition and longevity of the Russian population. The expected growth in demand for fish can be met by aquaculture production, taking into account the large number of inland reservoirs in Russia. A regression-type mathematical model is presented that describes the dependence of the weight gain of the cage carp on the duration of cultivation, which allows predicting the efficiency of the cage farm by the weight of the fish grown
PROBLEMS OF ECOLOGY, EDUCATION, ECOLOGICAL CULTURE, EARTH SCIENCES
The article deals with the essence and features of modern environmental education. The definitions of the key concepts «educational environment», «ecological-valeology», «health». The role of integration of ecology, health and education in solving environmental problems is also shown. The purpose of the article is to substantiate and reveal the integration processes in the fields of ecology, health and education within the framework of environmental education.
The article reveals some features of the education of ecological culture in the academic environment of the university. Concepts are designated: about ecological culture in its actual understanding (educational context); about education in an academic environment (some definitions and ideas). The question is raised: is it possible to educate the ecological culture of students in a digital environment? Some answers are given. The phenomenon of pro-environmental behavior is considered as a possible psychological criterion for such upbringing. Ideas for further substantiation and development of the problem of educating students\\\' ecological culture are formulated. Total: separate trajectories of education of ecological culture of students in the current conditions of the development of education.
ENVIRONMENTAL CULTURE AS A CONDITION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL
Analyzing the postulates of noosphere doctrine, the concept of sustainable development, human capital theory, the authors define a new content of the concept of «environmental culture», justify it as a qualitative characteristic of human capital development and point to the relevance of the formation of environmental culture in the eco-acmeological perspective.
The article identifies the relevance of continuous socio-environmental education in the interests of sustainable development, and also reveals the specifics of the process of teacher training for continuous socio-environmental education through the development of models of continuous training of future teachers and a structural and content model of professional training of future teachers for continuous socio-environmental education. Pedagogical conditions are presented and a description of their implementation in the educational process for preparing future teachers for the implementation of continuous socio-ecological education of students is given.
PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS
Currently, much attention is paid to the formation and development of environmental competence of the individual. This article is a part of the author\\\'s long-term research, which continues to the present day, devoted to the formation of environmental competence of students.
HUMANITARIAN SCIENCES
EDUCATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THE ECOLOGICAL CLUB OF THE LSU IM. A. S. PUSHKIN «THE FLOWERING GENERATION»
The article considers the possibilities of using the educational potential of student clubs on the example of the Ecological Club of Leningrad State University. A. S. Pushkin «The Flowering Generation».
THE NEW CONCEPT OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN RUSSIA
The features of the new concept of environmental education approved in Russia for the general education system are considered. The logic of ecological education goals development for the last half a century, changes in methodological approaches and conceptual and terminological apparatus of ecological education are analyzed. The concept of «ecological education» as a result of general education is considered.
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL LITERACY OF STUDENTS DURING TEACHING BIOLOGY
The article discusses the possibilities of forming environmental literacy during the study of the subject «Biology» at the II and III stages of general secondary education. The author, taking into account the specifics of the subject «Biology», the requirements of teaching imposed on students in the educational process, determined the essence and content of environmental literacy. The article focuses on the types of activities that contribute to the formation of environmental literacy among students.
The article gives examples of three-level educational tasks with ecological content in school geography using the example of the topic «Soils and Land Resources», reveals the importance of tasks in the formation and development of environmental knowledge and skills of students.
ON THE REGIONAL SYSTEM OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AND YOUTH EDUCATION IN THE LENINGRAD REGION
The article outlines approaches to the formation of a regional system of environmental education and upbringing of youth in the Leningrad region. The system-forming role of the university in determining the forms and methods of work is noted. The results of many years of work on environmental education of students are presented.
ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY IN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION
The article reveals the relationship between biology and ecology, taking into account the trends in the development of these sciences in the past and present. The place of ecology in the structure of the school course of general biology is determined. The reader’s attention is drawn to the important methodological conditions that allow to increase the efficiency of students ‘ assimilation of the components of the content of environmental education in the process of teaching biology
USE OF CRITICAL THINKING TECHNOLOGY IN FORMING SCHOOLCHILDREN\\\'S ECOLOGICAL CULTURE
This article discusses the importance of environmental education and upbringing of schoolchildren using the technology of critical thinking. Early ecological education of children is important because preschool age is when the outlook and habits are formed and the system of values for the whole life is worked out. In the modern rapidly changing world children should be able to quickly process huge amounts of information, to analyze and think critically, to be mobile, to have developed logical thinking and creativity, while spiritual and moral values and ecological culture should not be relegated to the background. However, the issues of environmental education using modern technology is little studied. Therefore, there is interest in environmental education in schools in scientific and professional pedagogical activities.
Approaches to the organization of healthy nutrition as a factor affecting the quality of the educational process are considered. High-quality nutrition of schoolchildren contributes to the development of environmental education. The formation of the cultural vector begins in educational institutions. The use of artificial intelligence allows you to identify a student and generate statistics within the framework of healthy eating in educational institutions.
TOPICAL ISSUES OF SAFE HUMAN SOCIALIZATION IN THE TECHNOGENIC WORLD
The factors of the urban environment affecting the processes of socialization and adaptation of a person in the modern man-made world are analyzed. Conclusions are drawn that the rapid pace of changes associated with the displacement of the biosphere by the technosphere leads to an imbalance of the mechanisms of adaptation and socialization developed over the course of evolution for thousands of years, which is expressed not only in various social destructions, but also in the rapid loss of human natural health.
ABOUT THE ACTUAL ASPECTS OF SCHOOL ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The paper is devoted to topical aspects of school environmental education in Russia, its current state, and also considers its implementation on the basis of a general education organization.
Technogenic society qualitatively influences the natural biosphere world, forming and expanding the artificial habitat — the technosphere. This carries a lot of both positive and detrimental consequences that affect the biosphere, its biodiversity and, ultimately, the person himself. On the one hand, people were able to make the conditions of their existence as comfortable as possible, but on the other hand, in the pursuit of endless consumption, they began to turn a blind eye to the damage caused to the biosphere balance. In order for humanity to have a chance to mitigate emerging risks, an integrated approach to the formation of environmentally oriented, co-evolutionary and even ecophilic educational strategies is needed. Environmental education is the basic basis for the further harmonious and safe development of Russia and the world as a whole.
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION OF YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDREN IN THE FRAMEWORK OF EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES
The article deals with the issue of environmental education of younger schoolchildren. Variants of methods and forms of environmental education are presented. The types of extracurricular activities are also considered.
ECOLOGICAL GAMES AS A MEANS OF EDUCATING THE ECOLOGICAL CULTURE OF YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDREN
The problem of education of ecological culture of younger schoolchildren is considered. The importance of ecological games in the education of ecological culture of younger schoolchildren is determined. The main stages of preparation and implementation of the ecological game are analyzed. The classification of environmental games is presented and the features of using some environmental games in working with younger schoolchildren are considered.
Health is a characteristic of the quality of people that affects the effectiveness of their work. It is being greatly influenced by the environment. The article discusses the theoretical aspect of the dependence of health on environmental factors. The analysis of the incidence of bronchial asthma in children in the city of Yelets is given.
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN THE LESSONS OF THE SURROUNDING WORLD AT THE PRIMARY SCHOOL
This article deals with the importance of environmental education of a student during primary school. The main goals and objectives of environmental education are outlined.
EDUCATION OF ECOLOGICAL CULTURE IN CHILDREN OF PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE OUTSIDE OF SCHOOL HOURS
This article discusses the current problem of educating the ecological culture of the younger generation during extracurricular time in primary school.
EXPLORING NATURAL AREAS IN THE LESSONS OF THE SURROUNDING WORLD
The article reveals the issue of natural zones. An example of a description of natural areas for primary school children is presented. The values of studying the topic «Natural zones» in primary school are also considered.